The Western withdrawal will unfortunately create a problem greater than the one following the Soviet withdrawal. The government be able to finance the ANP and ANA, thereby providing at least 300,000 trained fighters (complete with their weapons and ammunition) to the highest bidder (ie. warlord). One again the country will be fragmented along tribal lines, but this time with ex-ANA and ex-ANP fighters taking sides according to the warlord willing to pay the highest premium. Even the Taliban will have a difficult time to reassert itself – at least in the north. Kandahar and the south-east has been a lost cause for at least 12 years and will remain under Taliban dominance for the foreseeable future. Al Qaeda remains a formidable international terrorist organization, but is now so distributed across much of the Muslim world that it will have no significant role to play in Afghanistan – nor does it want to do so (as there are bigger fish to fry across the globe).

So the sooner that Western forces leave, the better – not necessarily for the Afghans but rather for the Western soldiers and their countries.

What a waste.

AFGHANISTAN ( Doulat and Padshahi ye Afghanistan )

Afghanistan land is already around -500 BC belonged to the great Persian state. Alexander the Great had conquered A. -330 to -329. During the further century A. was ruled by various invaders. From the 226- western parts of Afghanistan belong to the Persian Sassanid state, and the southern part in th VII century conquered Arabs, and there spread Islam. In X century alternate insurgents Arab- Indian governors against the caliph, with goal to gain independence in the ruling. So at the end of X century in Ghazni became independent ruler Sabuktigin whose dynasty ruled til 1186 in large areas of India, Badakhshan, Turkmenistan and Persia. From the late XII century, the area ruled by various dynasties ( Ghor , Kurt ), a country often attack Mongol and Tatar invaders. real Afghan state ( whose name is known from X century) was founded after the assassination of Nadir Shah of Iran ( 1747 ), Ahmad Khan Abdali ( 1747-73 ) – twice won the Punjab and Delhi.

In the internal conditions of Afghanistan have intervened in 1838 the British, who in 1839 entered into Kabul and impose a ruler-ward shah Shu. The uprising in Kabul has forced the British to leave Afghanistan in 1842, and on the power comes Dost Mohammed, recognized by Britain as the Emir of Afghanistan. After his death (1863 ) battle for the throne last until 1869, when Dost, Mohammed’s son, won over the Sher Alikhban. In the second half of the XIX century, Afghanistan was the scene of imperialist rivalry between Russia and Britain, whose Afghan wards(tutors-vasals) fighting between themself. In 1907 Russia and Britain have agreed on their spheres of interest in Asia, also including Afghanistan. During the first World War, Afghanistan was neutral. In May 1919 began an armed struggle against the British, who in August 1919 had recognized the independence of Afghanistan. 1924 – 25 Brits encourage rebel elements under the leadership of the Islamic clergy and raised the revolt against Amanullah Khan ( 1919-29 ), during whose reign in Afghanistan are conducted advanced reforms. Afghanistan in 1937 concluded under the then ruler Mohamed Zahir shah, with, Iraq, Persia( Iran ) and Turkey the Eastern Entente. Loans and economic transactions of Nazi Germany received a stronger influence in Afghanistan, under the pressure of Britain and the then USSR, German emissaries and agents must in October 1941 to leave Afghanistan, but despite Afghanistan until the end of the Second World war refused to join the anti-fascist coalition, and in 1946 became a member of the UN. -same year was determined border towards the USSR, and in 1963 towards China.

AFGHAN LITERATURE
evolved in the languages ​​Pashto ( afghan language) – Farsi (Persian ) . Were found fragmentary texts of pashto language of VIII and XIII century. First larger liturgical memorial description was conquest of Swat principality ( 1413-24 ) which the author himself conqueror sheik Mali , and his successor Kadu Khan writes about his wartime successes ( 1494 ). A new impulse gets pashto with litterary movement Rosana" who strikes on the reigning sunitisam and seeks social reforms. The founder Sheikh Bayezid writes his work " too lenient news " on the pashto language , Arabic , Farsi and Urdu. The most prominent representative of the feudal pashto poetry was Khushal Khan, chief of Khatak tribes ( 1613-89 ) ; Afzal – Khan Khatak ( XVIII century) wrote a history of Afghan . Abdul Hamid of the tribe Momand (1660-1732) writes pessimistic love poetry. Afghan authors are influenced by the Persians, and less of Indian literature, poetry greatly surpasses fiction. Ahmad Shah Durrani ( 1721-71 ), founder of afghan state, writes songs about his war campaigns and love poetry. When ( due to political events ) at the end of the XIX century, the capital was transferred to Kabul, the importance of the Farsi language growing ( and literature ). However pashto literature flourishes in Peshavar ( today’s Pakistan ), while Mihr-i-Dil-khan established at the end of the XIX century academy in Kandahar for the upliftment of afghan pashto literature. The author of modern pashto prose is- Ahmad Maulavi ( XIX – XX ). At the beginning of the XX century, the so-called. afghanyouth movement who seeks liberation from the British authorities, the spread of education, creating their own intelligence, new literature, etc. Mahmud Khan implemented reforms in poetry ( circa 1900 ), he rises afghan Farsi dialect ( so called.kabuli who is also an official language til 1936). Kandahar and Kabul Academy united in 1937 with the aim of studying the development of pashto language and literature, more recently evolving translation , prose and dramatic literature. The most famous are the new writers Benava, Taraki, Hadim, Ulfat, Salimi, Zahir, Kari, Abdulla, Halil, Latifi and Nazih.

POLITY
Afghanistan is a constitutional, hereditary monarchy with a male line descendants. A new constitution of the fourth August 1964 abolished the feudal privileges, and members of the ruling dynasty and their relatives can no longer be prime ministers, members of the government, National Assembly and judges of the Supreme Court. The head of state is the king, who has the right of legislative veto. The executive power has a government led by the president and the legislature parliament consisting of the Senate and the National Assembly. 50 senators appointed by the king for life, while the 171 members of the National Assembly are elected by direct ballot in three years. The voting right belongs to all citizens from the age of 20 years, while women are excluded from passive voting rights that have only men 30(?20)-70 years old. At the forefront of reorganized 29 provinces are, instead of the earlier tribal chief, civil governors. The judicial power is exercised by the Supreme Court, as well as provincial and district courts.

LANGUAGE
Among the most widespread languages ​​of Afghanistan is one somewhat archaic form of Persian language. More recent efforts go for those that for general state language would adopted pashto, wich is spoken mostly by Afghan ( Pathans ), the dominant group" in Afghanistan.

Taking into account that about 90 percent of the population was illiterate, for now I do not know, but enough to conclude that a large, if not the biggest problem of afghan is that they are not aware of themselves, their identity, because militant Islam frosted their brains. Therefore I would suggest the following, to get out of their history out something noteworthy, and that are printed small pocket books for soldiers from a couple of pages, that every soldier should get, and it would be good to call a special unit or another by the name of a some of the afghan ruler or a poet. And in order to wake them up.
Seems to me.

This entire superstructure we’ve built of military force and Washington "aid" doesn’t die easily. Too many vested interests and official US mouths to be fed keeping the war mills going.

We need the courage to cut and run. We can leave with grace if we admit failure and move on to fighting our own poverty at home.

We also need to consider that aside from gaining very little we are exhausting our military by send them bac or multiple tours in that country.

We are pouring billions into a rathole with no assurance that much of it isn’t siphoned off by Karzai and his buddies.

To those that feel we should continue to sacrifice soldiers and pour billions doen that drain I would only hope that they are not the same ones bitterly complaining about our national debt.

The surveys on security tend to show that the Afghan people are more concerned about land disputes, murders, robberies, kidnapping, water rights, and the like. The ANP tend to be used as cannon fodder for the ANA, in maintaining check points. (The value of check points has always intrigued me.) When I spoke with the US procurement advisor to the Ministry of Interior, he could not point to any training, mentoring, or other activity that would have prepared the Ministry’s finance and procurement staff to take responsibility for the support contracts being transitioned to the Afghans. Nor was he aware that Afghan procurement law (a World Bank reform initiative) considered this transition as a new contract option, rather than an assignment. Over the years of support, NTM-A had focused on training Afghans battlefield skills, rather than on developing support skills. This oversight is most interesting given the importance of logistics and other support to the warfighter. (I recall a 10:1 ratio, support to warfighter mentioned during the Viet Nam war.)