Russia has recently reaffirmed its interest in investing in Myanmar’s Dawei Special Economic Zone (SEZ), located in the southern Tanintharyi Region, despite the challenges posed by the ongoing Myanmar civil war. The project is of strategic interest to Russia as it entails the construction of a deep-sea port capable of accommodating vessels over 200,000 tons – a port that would be able to accommodate some combination of PLA Navy and/or Russian naval vessels should the need arise in the future.

The Dawei SEZ, launched in 2008 in partnership with Thailand, is located on the Andaman Sea. The project aims to connect Southeast Asia with South Asia, creating a transport network that bypasses the Malacca Strait, potentially alleviating Beijing’s ‘Malacca Dilemma.’ Apart from building up infrastructure, Russia has also expressed interest in Tanintharyi’s tourism potential, particularly in the Myeik Archipelago. However, progress on all major foreign-backed SEZ projects, including China’s Kyaukpyu SEZ, remains stalled amid the ongoing conflict.

Naypyidaw’s ‘Forever Friend’

Russia’s engagement with Naypyidaw aligns with a broader strategy of strengthening ties with Myanmar’s military regime, which views Moscow as a key ally and primary arms supplier. Yet the relationship remains somewhat stunted by skepticism on the part of the Kremlin over the junta’s ability to suppress pro-democracy forces, stabilize the country, and ultimately make good on the investment projects under discussion. Since the 2021 coup, Myanmar and Russia have been deepening their relationship, with Moscow at various times providing arms, military aircraft, ammunition, and fuel.